ROBOTICS

ROBOTICS = ROBOTIC_STANDARD × CANONIC = Structure(robotic) × (C1, C2, Temporal, Relational, C5, C6)

Lattice: 6 governance checks = ENTERPRISE (#63)

Industrial Robotics

`` Standard: ISO 10218-1/-2 (Safety Requirements for Industrial Robots) SIL Range: SIL 2-3 Governance: ENTERPRISE (#63) minimum Application: Welding, painting, assembly, material handling Key Hazards: Crush, impact, shear, entanglement, ejection of parts Mitigation: Safeguarded spaces, safety-rated monitored stop, E-stop `

Collaborative Robotics

` Standard: ISO/TS 15066 (Collaborative Robot Safety) SIL Range: SIL 2-3 Governance: ENTERPRISE (#63) Application: Shared workspace, human-robot collaboration Modes: Safety-rated monitored stop, hand guiding, SSM, PFL Key Limits: Force (150N transient chest), Speed (250mm/s collaborative) Innovation: MAGIC checkset governs mode transitions in real-time via bitwise AND `

Surgical Robotics

` Standard: IEC 62304 (Medical Device Software), IEC 60601-1 (Medical Electrical) SIL Range: SIL 3 (Class C medical) Governance: ENTERPRISE (#63) minimum Application: Minimally invasive surgery, microsurgery, radiation therapy Key Systems: da Vinci Xi, Mako, CyberKnife, Ion Regulation: FDA 510(k)/PMA, CE marking (MDR 2017/745), 21 CFR Part 820 Evidence: Stereo video, kinematics, force/torque, patient registration `

Agricultural Robotics

` Standard: ISO 18497 (Agricultural Machinery Safety), ISOBUS (ISO 11783) SIL Range: SIL 1-2 Governance: BUSINESS (#43) minimum Application: Autonomous tractors, drone spraying, precision harvesting Key Hazards: Rollover, entanglement, chemical exposure, GPS loss Innovation: MAGIC checkset governs field boundaries, chemical application rates `

Warehouse/Logistics Robotics

` Standard: ISO 3691-4 (Driverless Industrial Trucks), EN 1525 SIL Range: SIL 2 Governance: BUSINESS (#43) minimum Application: AMRs, AGVs, pick-and-place, sorting Key Systems: Kiva/Amazon Robotics, Locus, 6 River Systems Innovation: MAGIC checkset governs fleet coordination, workspace sharing `

Autonomous Vehicles

` Standard: SAE J3016 (Autonomy Levels), ISO 26262, UNECE WP.29 SIL Range: ASIL D (≈ SIL 3-4) Governance: AGENT (#127) for Level 4-5 Application: Self-driving cars, trucks, delivery vehicles Regulation: NHTSA (US), UNECE (EU), MLIT (Japan) Innovation: MAGIC checkset governs ODD transitions, sensor fusion gating `

Drone/UAV Systems

` Standard: ASTM F3548, DO-178C (if aviation), Part 107 (FAA) SIL Range: SIL 1-3 (depending on operation) Governance: BUSINESS (#43) to ENTERPRISE (#63) Application: Inspection, delivery, agriculture, surveying, defense Regulation: FAA Part 107, EASA U-space, UTM (UAS Traffic Management) Innovation: MAGIC checkset governs airspace boundaries, payload operations ``

Gap: No existing system provides governance-gated robotic actuation with O(1) bitwise compliance checking across safety integrity levels.

1. Safety-First Actuation

No robotic system may actuate without verified safety state. The safety system has absolute authority over motion.

Example: A collaborative robot arm detects a human within its safety-rated monitored zone. The safety PLC MUST command a Category 2 stop (IEC 60204-1) within the safety-rated stopping time regardless of what the application program demands. Safety overrides all.

2. Workspace Sovereignty

Every robot operates within a defined workspace. Crossing workspace boundaries MUST trigger governed response.

Example: An AGV in a warehouse has a defined path with virtual boundaries. If the LIDAR detects the vehicle has deviated >10cm from the planned path, the safety system MUST execute a protective stop. The vehicle does not resume until the deviation is resolved and the path is re-verified.

3. Sensor-Evidence Chain

Every robotic action MUST be traceable to sensor evidence. No actuation without perception.

Example: A surgical robot (da Vinci Xi) records: stereo vision feeds, instrument kinematics, force/torque measurements, and patient registration data for every procedure. If the vision system loses calibration, the system MUST halt the procedure and alert the surgeon. No blind actuation.

4. Deterministic Timing

Safety-critical robotic functions MUST execute within deterministic time bounds. Jitter tolerance MUST be specified and enforced.

Example: A safety-rated monitored speed function MUST sample position data at ≥100Hz and trigger a stop within 20ms of detecting an overSpeed condition. The worst-case execution time MUST be analyzed and proven. Non-deterministic operating systems MUST NOT host safety functions.

5. Graceful Degradation

Robotic systems MUST degrade safely when components fail. No single failure may cause uncontrolled motion.

Example: If a force/torque sensor on a collaborative robot arm fails, the robot MUST: (1) detect the failure within one scan cycle, (2) transition to safety-rated monitored stop, (3) alert the operator, (4) refuse to resume in collaborative mode until the sensor is replaced and calibrated. Degraded mode = reduced capability, never reduced safety.

`` DECLARE(CollaborativeRobotCell) = ISO_TS_15066 × CANONIC

Where: ISO/TS 15066 provides Structure: - Collaborative operation modes (4 modes) - Biomechanical limit data (force/pressure per body region) - Speed and separation monitoring parameters - Power and force limiting thresholds

CANONIC provides Governance: - C1: Safety goals per collaborative mode - C2: Risk assessment evidence (force measurement, stopping distance) - Temporal: Scan cycle timing, stopping time verification - Relational: Collaborative workspace boundaries - C5: Safety function execution (monitored stop, PFL) - C6: ISO/TS 15066/ISO 10218/IEC 61508 conformance

Result: CollaborativeRobotCell = ENTERPRISE (#63)

Safety Lifecycle: Assess — Risk assessment, task analysis Design — Safety concept, mode selection Validate — Force measurement, stopping tests Commission — Safety validation complete Operate — Production with safety monitoring `

` DECLARE(SurgicalRobotGovernance) = IEC_62304 × CANONIC

Where: IEC 62304 provides Structure: - Software safety classification (Class A, B, C) - Software development lifecycle - Software maintenance - Risk management (ISO 14971) - Configuration management

CANONIC provides Governance: - C1: Software safety claims per classification - C2: Verification evidence (unit test, integration test, system test) - Temporal: Development lifecycle, maintenance schedule - Relational: Surgeon/robot/patient boundaries - C5: Surgical operations (setup, procedure, teardown) - C6: IEC 62304/IEC 60601/FDA conformance

Result: SurgicalRobotGovernance at Class C = AGENT (#127)

Certification Lifecycle: Classify — Software safety class assigned Develop — Requirements, architecture, code Verify — Testing per classification Validate — Clinical validation Clear — FDA 510(k)/PMA clearance ``

To create a CANONIC robotics vertical:

Identify robotic domain (industrial, collaborative, surgical, agricultural, warehouse, AV, drone) Perform risk assessment and assign SIL level, map to MAGIC tier Create scope with CANON.md inheriting /ROBOTICS/ Define safety goals with SIL assignment and safety functions Map to safety standard (ISO 10218, IEC 61508, IEC 62304) Implement validators for safety evidence, timing verification, workspace enforcement Document coverage with safety case artifacts

Result: Owned robotics vertical with SIL-governed, safety-first operations.

ROBOTICS × MEDICINE = Surgical robotics (IEC 62304 + ISO 10218) ROBOTICS × DEFENSE = Military robotics (MIL-STD-882 + ISO 10218) ROBOTICS × AUTOMOTIVE = Autonomous vehicles (ISO 26262 + SAE J3016) ROBOTICS × AEROSPACE = Drone systems (DO-178C + Part 107) ROBOTICS × MANUFACTURING = Factory automation (IEC 62443 + ISO 10218) ROBOTICS × AGRICULTURE = Autonomous farming (ISO 18497 + ISOBUS) ROBOTICS × LOGISTICS = Warehouse automation (ISO 3691-4) ROBOTICS × ENERGY = Nuclear/grid inspection robots (NRC + IEC 61508) ROBOTICS × QUALITY = Automated inspection (ISO 13485 + ISO 10218) ROBOTICS × SAFETY = All robotic systems (IEC 61508 → universal) ROBOTICS × SECURITY = Cyber-physical security (IEC 62443)

10 cross-domain compositions. Each strengthens PROV-006 patent claims.